Typewriting machine



M. C, QRAVVLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Aug: 11 1919 aSheets-Sheet 2L Emma How mar M 9 mm M; C. CRAWLEY TYPEWR ITING MACHINEOriginal Filed Aug. 11', 1919 a Sheets-Sheet 2 M. c. 'cRAwLE TYPEWRITINGMACHINE Original Fi led Au 11 1919 sweets-sheet 5 July 29 1924..

.M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE ori inal Filed Aug. 11, 1919 eSheets-Sheet 4 Lswwz.

July 2%) 19240 I v M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Original Filed Aug.11

19'19 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 M. c. CRAWLEY TYPEWRI'TING MACHINE 0rigina1 FiledAug. 11; 1919 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented July 29, W24.

tan

, MANSFIELD o. CRAWLZEY, oreno'ron, Yomr, ASS/IGNOR T annoeuarn:corarAnY, or LOS enemas, onrrronm; A. oonronarronor' oemromints,.

TYPEWRIITI'NG MACHINE.

Application filed Au ustin, 1919, Serial no. 316,649. Renewed Januarya2,.-,.1924.-

To all whom it may concern:

Be itlmown that I, Mensrmnn C, CRAW LEY, a, citizen of the UnitedStates, and a' resident of Groton, in the county of Tompkins, and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Impropements inTypewriting Machines,- of which the following is as ecification.

The object of this invention is to provide a case-shift formotor-drivenmachines, the specific constructionherein illustrated beingespecially adapted for use in that type to provide this typeof machinewith a caseshifting mechanism which will utilize the power of the motorto. raise the case-shift support, (i. e., platen-frame or the type-barsegment, as the case may be), the particular construction illustratedhereinbeing especially adapted for that type of machine in which theplaten is shifted up and down to obtain the case positions, as-morefully hereinafter set forth.

' In.Patent No. 1,455,109, issued to me May 15, 1923, and in mycq-pendingapPlicatiori Serial No. 188,771, .filed August 29, 1917,-renewed April 16, 1923; now Patent 1,285,766, dated Mar. 4, .1924, twocaseshift mechanisms are shown, each of which is; adaptedv for use in amachine of the 40 type setforth in my Patent No. 1,156,061. Saidmechanisms possess certain features in common with the mechanism shownand described in the present application which is subordinate to saidPatent No. 1,455,109 and said' applicatioh Serial No. 188,771. Thespecial objects of the present invention 7 re gtoprovide power-actuatedmechanism positively connected with a shift-frame to force the same intonormal position as well as into upper-case osition; to provide p'ower-actuated shiftame-moving means arranged to positively hold theshift-frameagainst vibration in both upper and lower case positions; toprovide yieldably compressible thrust-means for forcing the shiftposition, wherein the clutch members are normal, lower case positlon;

frame to uppercase position; to provide ower means normally inovmgtheshiftrams-moving 'mechamsmi to lower-case locked position and holding itthere and, power means for actuating the shift-framemovmg means to uppercase position, to

provide alatch operating always to'loclr the shift frame in upper caseposition which I latch is releasable by 0 eration of iatem apower-driven case s 1ft mechanism ems bodying a friction clutch forconnectin the case-shift mechanism with a source 0 power and means forautomatically 1ock- H ing the case-shlft mechanismin upper case movedinto engagement upon depression of a clutch-operating key and areautomatically disengaged when the movement of. the

shift-frame to upper case position is completed and whilethe key .isstill held depressed, the release of the key s ervingjo effect unlockingof the shift frame; and

to provide a latch operating to lock the shiftframe each time it ismoved; to upper case position,- which latch is released during thedownstroke of acombined shift a and release control key if the shift-frameis in. upper case position when said key is depressed and is released onthe up-stroke of said key .when' said keyis actuated to cause'anupper-case shift movement of the Other objects and advantages shiftframe. of the invention will appear fromthe following description of themechanism illustrated in the drawings.

In the drawings-- v I Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional Viewof a typewriting machine embody: ing y mechanism, the parts being shownin Fig.' 2 is a vertical sectional view in detail showing the trippingmechanism enlarged, the parts being in the same position as shown inFig. 1;

Fig, 3 is a vertical sectional view of the lifting and trippingmechanism, ,the arts being. shown locked in upper case" po's1tion I atthe end'of the down-stroke of the key 'of one of the temporary shiftlevers'53;

, Fig. a view similar to Fig. 2 show-11o v of the down-stroke of ing thepositions of the parts at the end thekey of the lockup, shift lever 43;."g. is a view similar to. Fig. 3 showing the positions of the partsafter release ing t e manner of lifting the tripping bail;

is a detail perspective of the tripping and lifting mechanism;

' Fig.\ 11 is a sectional view on the line XL-X I of Fig. 8; r Figs.'12and 13 are enlarged views showing the lifting and tripping mechanism indifferent positions hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings annexed, the numeral 15'des1gnates a rodafiixed to a swinging platen-carrying frame 16 mounted on theplaten-carriage 17, this rod extending substantially across the machine.C011- nected to this rod 15 is a lifting-bar 18, the attachment beingsuch that connection will be maintained with the rod 15 at all points inthe travel of the carriage. For this connectionl prefer providing therod 18 with a roller 19 which runs along the under side of the rod 15and also with a hook 20 which extends over the top of the rod 15 so thatthe platen-frame will respond quickly to the motor-operated movements ofthe lifting-rod. Tlhis-lifting-rod is guided vertically by a pair ofpins 21 mounted in brackets on the frame of the machine. and desirablyalso it is provided with a shock-absorbing coil-spring 22, thelifting-rod be ing constructed of two sections adapted to have a limitedsliding movement on each other to permit the spring to yield slightly inits upward thrusts to thereby relieve themechanism of strain and jar andcompensate for inaccuraciesof fit of the parts.

The lower extremity of the lifting-rod is pivotally connected at 23 tothe upper end of a short link 24, and the lower end of this short link24 is connected to the outer end of an arm 25 affixed to a rockshaft 26journaled in suitable brackets 27 in the frame of the machine. A spring28 is coiled around shaft 26 with one end secured to the inner bracket2-7. asshown in Figs. 8 and 11, and has one free end in engagement withthe front edge of another arm 29 affixed to the other end of shaft 26,thetendency of this spring being to rock said shaft and arm 29 overbackwardly.

The end of the arm 29 is pivotally connected by means of a link 30 to asegment 31 brought about by swinging inwardly the lower end of a lever37 pivoted at 38 and having a roller-carrying arm 39 which eX- tendsupwardly so as to engage the off-side of the slidable disk 36. The lowerend of the lever 37 is adapted to be swung inwardly to clutchingposition by any suitable means controlled from a key in the keyboard ofthe machine. I have shown this lever 37 as being. provided with alaterally-extending "bevel-nose 40 which is adapted to be engaged by thedownwardly-swinging arm 41 of a transversely extending sub-leverpivotally mounted at the rear of the machine in such position as toadapt its opposite end 12 for upward movement through the medium of ashift-key-lever 43.

It will be observed that when the rear end of the shift-lever 43 iselevated, the inner end of the arm 41 will be swung down- .wardly andcaused to impinge against the beveled edge of the nose 40 and thus swingthe lower 'end of lever 37 inwardly. This will bring the clutch-disksinto action, it being remembered that the counter-shaft 34: is kept incontinuous revolution. Loose disk 33 will thus be carried around withthe shaft 34,thereby causing the pinion 32 to rock the segment 31downwardly. This will cause the link 30 to rock shaft 26 and thusincrease the tension on-coil-spring' 28 and also cause the link 24 tolift the platenframe through the medium of the lifting rod 18. Theplaten-frame will be limited in its movement by suitable stops shown inFigfl at 44; and the downward throw of .the segment 31 will bepositively limited in movement in a suitable manner, preferably by anadjustable stop-screw 4-5 affixed to the back wall of the machine. Thereturn movement (hereinafter described) of the segment 31 will belimited by a similar stop 46. operator needs to do is to depress thekeylever 43 far enough to bring the clutch- (lisks into operation.whereupon the motor takes up the work of lifting the platen, but, shouldthe operator maintain finger pressure on the key, the disks will readilyslip one on the other thereby avoiding any harm to the mechanism. Inview of the fact that the work of lifting the platenfra-me is verylight, it will obviously need but a slight It will be observed that allthe touch of the finger on the key-lever 43, and,

- in order to hold the clutch-disks together under resilient tension, tothereby avoid a too-positive gripping action of the clutchdisks, 1, makethe clutch-lever 37 transverse- 1y resilient so that its comparativelylong depending arm will yield as soon as the clutches have come intocontact.

(hen the platen is thus lifted to uppe' case position by directactuation of key lever 43, it will be locked in that position (as shownin Fig. 4) by means of an automatic latcli lever 47 pivoted at 49 to oneof the brackets 27 and having its-depending end pulled rearwardly bymeans of a coil-spring 50, the upper laterallygbent end 51 of this latchlying in the path ofthe upwardly-moving link 24 so thatrearwardly-extending lug 52 on the rear edge of saidlink 24 will snapover the bent end 51, thus preventing the return of the parts to normalafter the keylever 43 is released (as shown in Fig. 5). It will beunderstood that this lever 43 will be used when it is desired to lockthe platenin upper case position. When it is simplydesired to raisetheplaten temporarily for the writing of a single character or a fewcharacters, either one of temporary shift whose forwardly-extendingside-arms 55 are pivoted at 56 to brackets 57 aflixed tothe'.

side walls of the frame, the pivotal connections at 56 being loose sothat the bail-bar 54 gravitatingly rests upon the upturned .endsofkey-levers 53. The bar 54 is provided with a forwardly-extending lug 58which, when the bar is lifted through the mediumof either key-lever 53after a shift and lock-up operation effected by actuation of key lever43, impinges against a bevellug 59 on the latch-lever and thus swingsthe latch-lever to non-latching position,

' thereby releasing the lug 52 and permitting the spring 28to restorethe lifting mechanism to normal. The release and return of the shiftframe takes place on the down stroke of the key of the active lever 53when said lever is actuated s'olelyas a release lever.

As stated above, either key-lever 53'is employed for the additionalpurpose of causing a movement of the platen to upper case position andholding the platen up merely as each of the key-levers 53 is bentupwardly and then laterally .to engage under one of the side arms of abail 54 mal, whether the long as the key of said lever is helddepressed. For this purpose, I pivot to the key-lever 43 anupwardly-extending hook 60 which is normally pressed forwardly by'acoil-spring 61 so that a shoulder 62 on said hook will normally engageover the top edge of the bail-bar 54, so that when said bailbar 54israised through the medium of the temporary key-lever 53 this hook 60will cause the companion key-lever43 to be likewiseelevated at its rearend, as shown in clutch mechanism just as when the key-lever 43 alone isoperated. When the lifting mechanism is thus put into operation bymeansof this temporary lever 53, it is desir- .Fig. 12, thus puttinginto operation the able that the companion lever 43 shall be immediatelyreleased so as to immediately release the clutch and thus preventgrinding of'the clutch "members during the time the platen is held up bypressure on the key-end of the lever 53. This release of the lever 43 isaccomplished by providing an'automatic device for disconnecting the hook60 from the bail-bar. '54 to thus permit the lever 43 to gravitate tonormal position. A simple way ofdoing thisis to provide. the arm 29 witha lateral finger 63 which, when 'the arm is rocked through the medium ofthe push-link 30, engages under an upwardly- ..andeforwardly-extendingfinger 64 formed by an extension of the hook 6O and'thus forces thishook 60 backwardly (as shown in Fig. 13)- against the action of itsspring far enough to permit it to drop off the'bail and the parts assumethe positions shown in Fig. 3. This release-finger 63 not only serves todisconnect the hook 60 in the manner just described, topermit the longkey-lever 43 andthe clutch mechanism to be released, but itserves theother purpose of camming the hook 6O rearwardly when the key-lever 43 isoperated directly and-holding it out of the path of the bail-bar 54(asshown inF-ig. 4),thereby permitting the key-lever 43 to go back tonormal -without engaging the hook 60 with the bail-bar 54,. (as shown inFig. 5), and also leaving the bail free to'be elevated by the companionkey-lever 53 when it is desired to actuate the same for releasing thelatch 47 in the manner hereinbefore described. It will thus be observedthat, whether the lifting mechanism he put" into operation directlythrough the key-lever 43 or the key-lever 53, the hook 60 will beactuated by the fingers 63 and 64 to release position as soon as theplaten has reached its upper case position, so that in every case thekey-lever 43 and the clutch member oper-- ated thereby will be freetoreturn to norplaten is raised temporarily or to stay up. 7

We havejseen that when the platen is raised by key-lever 43 alone tostay up, the latch 47 automatically looks it up and that through themedium of the other key-lever 53 and the bail this latch-lever may bereleased to thus permit the mecha nism to go back to normal through theactionof coil-spring 28. Now, er-actuated shift mechanism is put intooperation through the medium of the key-lever 53, thelug 58 will, ofcourse, actuate the latch in the same manner as when the bail 54isr'aised for release purpose only. This actuation of the latch will bean idle one, as the latch at that time is not in engagement with the lug52; but, when the bail-lug 58 passes up beyond the cam-lug 59, thespring 50 will snap the locking-end 51 of the latch into position to beinterlocked with the Lug 52 when the platen-lifting action is completed.The parts remain in this position, namely in the position shown in Fig.3, so long as the operator depresses the key on lever 58, but when leveris released the bail-bar Mgravitates with the lever 53 and thus causeslug 58 to impinge upon the'upper bevel-face of the lug 59 and thus causea release movement of the latch whereupon, as formerly described, the

spring 28 quickly restores the parts to normal and through hook 520 onrod 18 positively erks the platen down. the clutch having, as abovestated, been previously re leased and the hook 60 having been thrownback by finger 63 to release position. It will be observed that when theplaten-frame is downthe members 18, 24 and 25 will lie in verticalalincment, that is, with their'centers of movement in the same verticalplane, so that the parts will be virtually on dead cenvibrations throughrod 18 and hook 520 during the printing operations. This dead-cen terposition is nicely adjusted and 1nain tained by the top stop-screw 46against which the segment 31 is held by the action of the spring 28. Itwill be understood also that the spring 22 in the platen-shifting rodnormally tends to expand and that the sudden pushing action on this rod18 tends to further compress this spring, thereby not only dissipatingthe jarring action that would otherwise result from the very quickaction of them-otor-driven actuating mecha nism, but also tending tohold the carriage against up-anddown' vibrations during the writingoperations.

The nature and scope of the invention having been thus indicated and itspreferred embodiment having been specifically described, what is claimedas new is: w

1. In a typewriting machine, a motor driving a continuously-rotatedshaft, and a ease-shifting mechanism actuated from said shaft, saidmechanism embodying a pushand-pull rod connected to the member to beshifted, said rod being yieldingly contractible, for the purpose setforth.

when the pow 2. In a typewriting machina a powerdriven case-shiftmechanism and key-con with a catch, a latch adapted to automaticallyengage said catch when the mechanism is shifted, said keycont rolleddevices in- 'cluding means for disconnecting said latch to permit thecase-shift mechanism to return to normal.

3. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven case-shift mechanlsmembodying a rock-shaft and devices whereby it is rocked by power of themotor, a coil-spring surrounding this shaft adapted to be te'nsionedwhen the mechanism is shifted, an arm on said rock-shaft, a linkconnected to said arm, a push-and-pull'rod connecting said link to theshifting frame of the machine, means for latchingthe parts in theirshifted position, and key-operated devices for releasing said latch.

4. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven case-shiftmechanismpem'bodying a continuously-rotated shaft, key-controlleddevices for putting said mechanism into action to change case, saidmechanism embodying a push-rod connected to the member to be shifted,said rod being constructed of two. sections and a springtending to pressthe sections apart, means being provided for permitting the spring toyield when 'the .shifting mechanism is actuated in one direction and tolimit the separating tendency ter and thus lock the platen againstvertical of the spring.

'15. In a typewriting machine, a case-shiftsupport and means'forpositively arresting it in its shifted position, power-drivenshiftingmechanism under control of the key embodying a push-rod adapted to forcesaid case-shift-support against its stop, said push-rod. being yieldablycompressible, and a key-controlled locking-device for holding said rodunder-compression while the case-shift-support is in its shiftedposition.

6. In a' typewriting machine, a case shift-support, power means forshifting said support from its normal case position to a different caseposition, an additional power means tending to normally move saidsupport to its normal case position, a latch for automatically lockingthe support in its shifted position againstthe action of said additionalpower means, and a key controlled device operatively connected toactuate the first-mentioned power means when" moved in one direction andto release theiatch when said key-controlled. device is moved back toits normal position.

7. The combination with a typewriting support to vary the relationbetween the printing instrumentalities and the platen, a constantlydriven power shaft normally discdnnected from the support-moving means,ashiftable bar extending transversely of the machine, means operablebymovement of said bar in one direction for temporarily connecting thepower-shaft with thesupport-moving means, manuallyoperable means formoving said bar-to operate the connecting means,means for auseamachine,of case-shift mechanism comprismg a shift-support, means for movmg saidsupport to vary the relation between the printing instrumentalities andthe platen, a constantly driven power shaft normally disconnected, fromthe support-moving means, a shiftable bar extending transversely of themachine, a pair of key-levers located at opposite sides of the machineand adapted to shift said bar independently of each other, meansoperable by movement of said bar in one direction by either of saidlevers for temporarily connecting the support-moving means with thepower-shaft, means for automatically locking the support in its shiftedposition adapted to be operated by"?l)h8 return movement of the bar torelease the support, and a third keylever adapted to operate theconnecting means independently of the shiftable bar.

9. In a typewriting machine, a case shift-support, power mechanism forshifting said support, means being provided for locking the support tothe shifting mechanism to prevent independent vertical movement of thesupport, automatic devices for locking the shifting mechanism in itsshifted position, and key-controlled devices for putting the shiftingmechanism into operation and for releasing said locking devices.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a platen carriage,a'shift-frame *movable up and down, a platen mount-ed on theshift-frame, means for limiting the upa-nd-down movement of thegshift-frame, a crank-shaft, a pitman operated by the crank-shaft andhaving a connection atits upper end with the shift-frameadaptedto permittransverse movement of the shift frame and prevent-vertical movementthereof relatively to the pitman, key-controlled power-operated meansfor] rotating the crank-shaft through a partial revolution from itsnormal position on a dead center at the lower limit of its throw toelevate the shift-frame, means for automatically locking the 'partssoasto hold'the platen in its elevated position, an independentkey-controlledmeans for releasing the platen, and

power means for rotating the'crank-shaft in the reverse direction tolower the platen when the platenis released.

11. In a case shift mechanism, the combination of a shift frame, aconstantlyoperating shaft for actuating said shift frame, a key, meansactuated by depression of said key for connecting saidshaft to the shiftframe to move the shift frame to upper case position,means independentof the key for automatically disconnecting the shaft from the shift.frame, means independent of force applied to the key for holding theshift frame against return to lower case position while said hey ismanually held depressed, said holding means being releasable to free theshift frame during the up-stroke of said key when said key is released,and a spring tensioned bypower from said shaft during movement of theshift frame to upper case position for restoring the shift frame tolower case position. I

12. In a case-shift mechanism, a key, a

shift frame, a constantly running motor for actuating the shiftframe','a clutch for con necting the motor with the shift frame,

clutch-shifting means operable byth'e key.

and means operable by power fro-m the motor for disconnecting theclutch-shifting means from the key upon movement of the shift frame bythe motor into upper case position independently; of the release ofmanual pressure on the key.

13. In a case-shift mechanism, a key, a

shift frame, a constantly running motor for e actuating the shift frame,a clutch for con-' necting the motor with the shift frame,clutch-shifting means. operable by the key, means operable by power fromthe motor for disconnecting the clutch-shiftin means from the key uponmovement of t e shift frame by the motor into upper case positionindependently of the release of manual pressure on the key, meansindependent of force applied to the key for holding the shift frame inupper case position, and means controlled by the key for freeing theshift frame from said holding means upon release of thekey. I

14; In a typewriting machine, a main frame, a shaft journalled on themain frame, a motor for driving said shaft continuously--when themachine is in use, a friction clutch having its driving member fixed onsaid shaft and its driven member 7 loose on said shaft, a shift frame,means connecting the loose clutch member with,

the shift frame for elevating the shift frame, a clutch shifter, ashift-and-lock-up key lever operatively connected with said shifter toeffect engagement of the clutch members when its key. is depressed andmaintained such engagement until release of the key, a shift-and-releasekey lever, a movable element supported on the main frame and arranged tobe elevated by the shift-and-release key lever upon depression ofthe'key thereof and to be lowered upon release of the key, a hook memberpivoted on the shift-and-lock-up key lever and normally spring-urged toengage over said movable element, means movable by said clutch and shiftframe connecting means for rocking said hook out of cooperative relationa friction clutch for connecting the same with said shaft and means forlimiting the throw of said shift mechanism, key-operated means foreffecting engagement of the members of the clutch, means operable by theshift mechanism for freeing the clutch members from engagement uponmovement of the shift mechanism a full throw by power from said shaftand while pressure is maintained on the clutch operating key, and meansfor automatically locking the shift mechanism in shiftedposition, saidlocking means being releasable by said key-operated means upon releaseof the key.

16. In a typewriting machine, a powershaft driven continuously while themachine is in use, a case-shift mechanism including a friction clutchfor connecting the same with said shaft and means for limiting the throwof said shift mechanism, key-operated means for effecting engagement ofthe members of the clutch, means operable by the shift mechanism forfreeing the clutch members from engagement upon movement of the shiftmechanism afull throw by power from said shaft, and while pressure ismaintained on the clutch operating key, means for automatically lockingthe shift mechanism in shifted position, said locking means beingreleasable by said key-operated means upon release of the key, and aspring connected with the shift mechanism and tensioned by movementthereof under power from the shaft for restoring the shift mechanismwhen said locking means is released.

17. In a typewriting machine, a powerdriven case-shift mechanism, asource of power, a first key lever, means operated by anism with thesource of power, an automatic latch for locking the case-shift mechanismin upper case position, a second key .lever, and means whereby thesecond key lever operates to release said latch on the down stroke ofits key if the shift mecha- .nism has already been moved to upper caseposition through an actuation of the first key lever, or, if thecase-shift mechanism is in lower case position, operates to connect theshift mechanism with the source of power on the downstroke of its keyand to release said latch on the up-stroke of its key.

18. In a typewriting machine, a case-shift mechanism, a source of power,a first key for connecting the shift mechanism with the source of powerto shift the mechanism to upper case position, an automatic latch forlocking the shift mechanism in upper case position, asecond key'forreleasing the latch, means whereby the second key is normally-connectedwith the first key for actuating the first key and is automaticallydisconnected therefrom upon direct actuation of the first key, and meanswhereby the first key is automaticallydisconnected from the second keyupon a movement of the shift mechanism to upper case position initiatedby actuation of the second key.

19. In a typcwriting machine, a case-shift mechanism, a shaft drivencontinuously when the machine is in use, a friction clutch forconnecting said mechanism with said shaft to effect movement of themechanism into upper case position, a first key lever for actuating saidclutch, ii latch arranged to automatically lock the shift mechanism inupper case position, a second key lever, connecting means effectii eonly when the case shift mechanism is in lower case position whereby thesecond key lever may actuate the first key lever, means effective onsaid connecting means to automatically free said first key lever fromthe second key lever upon a movement of the shift mechanism into uppercase position initiated by the second key lever and to prevent operasaidfirst key lever for connecting said mechtion of the first key lever bythe second key

